Page No.133
EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Supply past indefinite tense of the verb given in brackets for each blank:
1. The birds _____ in the sky. (fly)
2. The wall-clock _____ ten. (strike)
Ans: The wall-clock struck ten.
3. He _____ all his money and honour. (lose)
Ans: He lost all his money and honour.
4. I _____ a rat in the matter. (smell)
Ans: I smelt a rat in the matter.
5. We ____ the noise of Fire ! Fire !! (hear)
Ans: We heard the noise of Fire ! Fire !!
6. Vasco Da Gama _____ a new sea-route. (discover)
Ans: Vasco Da Gama discovered a new sea-route.
7. The minister resided in a nice bungalow. (reside)
Ans: The minister in a nice bungalow.
8. The postman ______ me a money-order. (bring)
Ans: The postman brought me a money-order.
9. Atul _____ his best to help me in trouble. (do)
Ans: Atul did his best to help me in trouble.
10. The wolf _____ away the lamb. (carry)
Ans: The wolf carried away the lamb.
11. The children _____ under a shady tree. (sit)
Ans: The children sat under a shady tree.
12. She _____ a large hidden treasure. (find)
Ans: She found a large hidden treasure.
Exercise 2. Change each sentence to its negative form.
1. His mother beat him severely.
Ans: His mother did not beat him severely.
2. The wolf fell on the flock of sheep.
Ans: The wolf did not fall on the flock of sheep.
3. The beggar implored me for help.
Ans: The beggar did not implore me for help.
4. Akbar the Great made large conquests.
Ans: Akbar the Great did not make large conquests.
5. Humayun dug his own grave.
Ans: Humayun did not dig his own grave.
6. The patient slept at peace at night.
Ans: The patient did not sleep at peace at night.
7. She fell over and hurt her leg.
Ans: She did not fall over and hurt her leg.
8. The hen laid two golden eggs.
Ans: The hen did not lay two golden eggs.
9. We had a walk in the fresh morning breeze.
Ans: We did not had a walk in the fresh morning breeze.
10. The children played a nice game.
Ans: The children did not play a nice game.
11. The teacher beat the students with a stick.
Ans: The teacher did not beat the students with a stick.
Exercise 3. Change each sentence to its interrogative form.
1. Susan sang a melodious song.
Ans: Did Susan sing a melodious song?
2. The wolf fell on the flock of sheep.
Ans: Did the wolf not fall on the flock of sheep?
3. The teacher taught us a new lesson.
Ans: Did the teacher teach us a new lesson?
4. The lion roared aloud in anger.
Ans: Did the lion roar aloud in anger?
5. The sun shone bright at noon.
Ans: Did the sun shine bright at noon?
6. It rained cats and dogs everyday.
Ans: Did it rain cats and dogs everyday?
7. The tiger gave out a loud growl.
Ans: Did the tiger give out a loud growl?
8. Shivaji escaped from the prison.
Ans: Did Shivaji escape from the prison?
9. The lamb bleated in fear.
Ans: Did the lamb bleat in fear?
10. The students learnt the poem by heart.
Ans: Did the students learn the poem by heart?
Page No. 134
Exercise 4. Change each sentence to its negative-interrogative form.
1. The policeman nabbed the pick-pocket.
Ans: Did the policeman not nab the pick-pocket?
2. The judge announced the judgement.
Ans: Did the judge not announce the judgement?
3. She gave alms to the poor generously.
Ans: Did she not give alms to the poor generously?
4. We watched the juggler's show curiously.
Ans: Did we not watch the juggler's show curiously?
5. They told a white lie.
Ans: Did they not tell a white lie?
6. I had a jolly good time there.
Ans: Did I not had a jolly good time there?
7. My grand-father rolled in wealth.
Ans: Did my grand-father not roll in wealth?
8. The mason built a magnificent house.
Ans: Did the mason not build a magnificent house?
9. The king entertained the saint with care.
Ans: Did the king not entertain the saint with care?
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Page No.135
Exercise 1. Supply past continuous tense of the verb given in brackets for each blank:
1. Hari ____ a book at that time. (read)
Ans: Hari was reading at that time.
2. She ____ tea when I saw her. (have)
Ans: She was having tea when I saw her.
3. I ____ when you called at my house. (sleep)
Ans: I was sleeping when you called at my house.
4. Farmers ____ the ripe harvest. (reap)
Ans: Farmers were reaping the ripe harvest.
5. The hunter ____ at roaring lion. (fire)
Ans: The hunter was firing at roaring lion.
6. The hungry wolf ____ in search of food. (prowl)
Ans: The hungry wolf was prowling in search of food.
7. The audience ____ the speaker. (cheer)
Ans: The audience was cheering the speaker.
8. She ____ for the young son. (look)
Ans: She was looking for the young son.
9. They ____ of their greatness. (boast)
Ans: They were boasting of their greatness.
10. The patient was ____ senseless in bed. (lie)
Ans: The patient was lying senseless in bed.
11. The gardener ____ the plants (water)
Ans: The gardener was watering the plants.
12. She ____ her new dress at that time. (wear)
Ans: She was wearing her new dress at that time.
Exercise 2. Change each sentence to its negative form:
1. My friend was making false excuses.
Ans: My friend was not making false excuses.
2. I was working hard at my lessons.
Ans: I was not working hard at my lessons.
3. It was raining very heavily.
Ans: It was not raining very heavily.
4.Virendra was playing on the harmonium.
Ans: Virendra was not playing on the harmonium.
Page No.135
5. We were paying heed to our father's advice.
Ans: We were not paying heed to our father's advice.
6. They were holidaying in Kashmir last month.
Ans: They were not holidaying in Kashmir last month.
7. The children were playing tip-cat in the ground.
Ans: The children were not playing tip-cat in the ground.
8. The feeble old man was leaning against the wall.
Ans: The feeble old man was not leaning against the wall.
9. He was facing the difficulties manfully.
Ans: He was not facing the difficulties manfully.
Exercise 3. Change each sentence to its interrogative form:
1. A fan was hanging from the ceiling.
Ans: Was a fan hanging from the ceiling?
2. She was attending school regularly.
Ans: Was she attending school regularly?
3. Sachin Tendulkar was scoring runs very fast.
Ans: Was Sachin Tendulkar scoring runs very fast?
4. The Pathan was beating his dog to death.
Ans: Was the Pathan beating his dog to death?
5. The farmer was tilling the field for a new crop.
Ans: Was the farmer tilling the field for a new crop?
6. They were going to see an English movie.
Ans: Were they going to see an English movie?
7. The king was playing chess with his minister.
Ans: Was the king playing chess with his minister?
8. Chand Bibi was ruling her kingdom very wisely.
Ans: Was Chand Bibi ruling her kingdom very wisely?
Exercise 4. Change each sentence to its negative-interrogative form:
1. My nephew was working in a bank.
Ans: Was my nephew not working in a bank?
2. You were sunbathing in the grassy lawn.
Ans: Were you not sunbathing in the grassy lawn?
3. They were waiting for you anxiously.
Ans: Were they not waiting for you anxiously?
4. The dacoits were looting the passengers.
Ans: Were the dacoits not looting the passengers?
5. It was heavily raining at that time.
Ans: Was it not heavily raining at that time?
6. The servant was switching the light off.
Ans: Was the servant not switching the light off?
7. The servant was switching the light off.
Ans: Was the servant not switching the light off?
8. She was sticking to her promise.
Ans: Was she not sticking to her promise?
9. We were thinking hard over the matter.
Ans: Were we not thinking hard over the matter?
Page No.137
Exercise 1. Supply past perfect tense of the verb given in brackets for each blank:
1. We all _____ our breakfast at 7a.m.(have)
Ans: We all had had our breakfast at 7 a.m.
2. The train ____ off at 12 o'clock.(steam)
Ans: The train had steamed off at 12 o'clock.
Page No.138
3. The king ____ justice to the real mother.(do)
Ans: The king had done justice to the real mother.
4. India _____ a crushing defeat on Pakistan.
(inflict)
Ans: India had inflicted a crushing defeat on Pakistan.
5. The shopkeeper _____ a short measure. (use)
Ans: The shopkeeper had used a short measure.
6. The Rajputs _____ a glorious victory.(win)
Ans: The Rajputs had won a glorious victory.
7. Ladies _____ several bridal songs.(sing)
Ans: Ladies had sung several bridal songs.
8. Tanaji _____ his life in the action. (lose)
Ans: Tanaji had lost his life in the action.
9. Ravana _____ away Sita by force. (carry)
Ans: Ravana had carried away Sita by force.
10. The patient _____ before the doctor came. (die)
Ans: The patient had died before the doctor came.
Exercise 2. Change each sentence to its negative form:
1. Susan had left her play-things with Mala.
Ans: Susan had not left her play-things Mala.
2. Rana Pratap had forced Akbar at Haldighati.
Ans: Rana Pratap had not forced Akbar at Haldighati.
3. He had squandered all his wealth in gambling.
Ans: He had not squandered all his wealth in gambling.
4. The farmer had taken pity on the snake.
Ans: The farmer had not taken pity on the snake.
5. Jahangir had done justice to the washer-woman.
Ans: Jahangir had not done justice to the washer-woman.
6. They had fulfilled all their promises.
Ans: They had not fulfilled all their promises.
7. The train had steamed in on time.
Ans: The train had not steamed in on time.
8. My uncle had been very kind to me.
Ans: My uncle had not been very kind to me.
9. Lord Nelson had won a grand victory at Trafalgar.
Ans: Lord Nelson had not won a grand victory at Trafalgar.
Exercise 3. Change each sentence to its interrogative form.
1. Rani had left school at the age of twelve.
Ans: Had Rani left school at the age of twelve?
2. George had lived in this town all his life.
Ans: Had George lived in this town all his life?
3. He had already finished his home-work.
Ans: Had he already finished his home-work?
4. The burglars had broken into the house.
Ans: Had the burglars broken into the house?
5. The cashier had left his wallet in the bus.
Ans: Had the cashier left his wallet in the bus?
6. We had washed up before he came.
Ans: Had we washed up before he came?
7. They had explained the whole matter to us.
Ans: Had they explained the whole matter to us?
8. I had already known of your arrival.
Ans: Had I already known of your arrival?
9. The shopkeeper had counted all his money.
Ans: Had the shopkeeper counted all his money?
Exercise 4. Change each sentence to its negative-interrogative form:
1. My mother had been ill for a week.
Ans: Had my mother not been ill for a week?
2. She had cut a sorry figure in the test.
Ans: Had she cut a sorry figure in the test?
3. The child had an attack of malaria.
Ans: Had the child not an attack of malaria?
4. The wolf had carried away the poor lamb.
Ans: Had the wolf not carried away the poor lamb?
5. The bell had gone when I reached school.
Ans: Had the bell not gone when I reached school?
6. We had seen you last on the 15th of May.
Ans: Had we not seen you last on the 15th of May?
7. You had heard that Mary has a bad temper.
Ans: Had you not heard that Mary has a bad temper?
Page No.141
REVISIONAL EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Name the tense of each sentence given below:
1. Atul was making lame excuses.
Ans: Past Continuous Tense
2. The headmaster fined the latecomers.
Ans: Past Indefinite Tense
3. Did the sugar ever taste bitter?
Ans: Past Indefinite Tense
4. The horse had never been unfaithful to its master.
Ans: Past Perfect Tense
5. Had it not been raining cats and dogs since 1 p.m.
Ans: Past Perfect Continuous Tense
6. The rich had never helped the poor gladly.
Ans: Past Perfect Tense
7. Early men did not know how to make fire.
Ans: Past Indefinite Tense
8. The wolf was planning to devour the lamb.
Ans: Past Continuous Tense
9. The laborers had been digging the canal since January.
Ans: Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Exercise 2. Change each sentence to past continuous tense.
1. He helped me with men and money.
Ans: He was helping me with men and money.
2. We had chalked out a plan.
Ans: We were chalking out a plan.
3. She had been weeping for an hour.
Ans: She was weeping for an hour.
4. The boys bolted the classroom from inside.
Ans: The boys were bolting the classroom from inside.
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5. Porus had fought bravely against Alexander.
Ans: Porus was fighting bravely against Alexander.
6. The earth revolved around the sun.
Ans: The earth was revolving around the sun.
7. He had left for Mumbai when I reached there.
Ans: He was leaving for Mumbai when I reached there.
8. She had been singing melodious songs.
Ans: She was singing melodious songs.
9. The teacher taught a new lesson to his class.
Ans: The teacher was teaching a new lesson to his class.
Exercise 3. Change each sentence to past indefinite tense:
1. I was waiting for you at the bus stand.
Ans: I waited for you at the bus stand.
2. The old man had died on the road.
Ans: The old man died on the road.
3. Were you all doing your homework then?
Ans: Did you all do your homework then?
4. The earth had never stopped rotating like a top.
Ans: The earth never stopped rotating like a top.
5. I had been reading in this school all along.
Ans: I read in this school all along.
6. Our examination had begun on Monday.
Ans: Our examination began on Monday.
7. Had you informed him of your plan?
Ans: Did you inform him of your plan?
8. Ram had not been working hard at all.
Ans: Ram did not work hard at all.
Exercise 4. Change each sentence to past perfect tense.
1. This school always showed good results.
Ans: This school had always shown good results.
2. I did not hear what you said.
Ans: I had not heard what you had said.
3. The wall clock was striking ten.
Ans: The wall clock had struck ten.
4. My friend was doing his best to help me.
Ans: My friend had done his best to help me.
5. Did the old kady have an attack of fever?
Ans: Had the old kady had an attack of fever?
6. Ram knew that I was not telling a lie.
Ans: Ram knew that I had not told a lie.
7. We had always been speaking the truth.
Ans: We had always spoken the truth.
8. The children had never abused the beggar.
Ans: The children had never abused the beggar.
Exercise 5. Change each sentence to past perfect continuous tense:
1. You did your best to help me.
Ans: You had been doing your best to help me.
2. Did he always speak the truth?
Ans: Had he always been speaking the truth?
3. They were waiting for their friends.
Ans: They had been waiting for their friends.
4. The farmer's son had dug the field to get the treasure.
Ans: The farmer's son had been digging the field to get the treasure.
5. The bell rang daily at this time.
Ans: The bell had been ringing daily at this time.
6. The postman was delivering the mail regularly.
Ans: The postman had been delivering the mail regularly.
7. Did she smell a rat in the matter?
Ans: Had she been smelling a rat in the matter?
Exercise 6. Correct the following sentences:
1. He reached here just today.
Ans: He has reached here just today.
2. My uncle has completed this job only yesterday.
Ans: My uncle completed this job only yesterday.
3. They were waiting for us for two hours.
Ans: They had been waiting for us for two hours.
4. I had been helped him all along.
Ans: I had been helped him all along.
5. The patient died before the doctor came.
Ans: The patient had died before the doctor came.
6. The locusts were already eaten up the green field.
Ans: The locusts had already eaten up the green field.
7. The British were ruling over India since 1765.
Ans: The British had been ruling over India since 1765.
Exercise 7.
(a) What do you mean by Past Tense?
Ans: Some actions take place in the days already gone. Those actions do not have any relation with the actions taking place in the present time. In order to express those actions, we use the past tense.
(b) How many forms has the Past Tense? Name them all giving two examples of each.
Ans: The Past Tense has four kinds of forms.
1. Past Indefinite Tense
Ex: We won the match.
They broke the glass.
2. Past Continuous Tense
Ex: We were playing the game.
They were singing a song.
3. Past Perfect Tense
Ex: They had done it.
We had collected it.
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Ex: I had been doing a job.
We had been cleaning it.
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